// assignment_02.js

console.log("1. 3 is a " + typeof 3 + " (value: " + 3 + ").");
var xanadu = "3";
console.log("2. xanadu is a " +typeof xanadu  + " (value: " + xanadu + ").");
xanadu = "3" + 3;
console.log("3. xanadu is a " +typeof xanadu + " (value: " + xanadu + ").");
xanadu = "3" - 3;
console.log("4. xanadu is a " +typeof xanadu + " (value: " + xanadu + ").");
console.log("5.  Question 3 illustrates string concatenation, while Question 4 illustrates arithemetic subtraction.\n"+
"JavaScript converts numbers to strings where possible, but if necessary, it will convert strings to numbers.");
xanadu = 3 - xanadu;
console.log("6. The value of xanadu is " + xanadu + " and its type is " + typeof xanadu + ".");
xanadu = 3 - "xanadu";
console.log("7. The value of xanadu is " + xanadu + " and its type is " + typeof xanadu + ".");
console.log("8. Question 6 subtracts the numeric value of xanadu (0) from 3 and produces the numeric result, 3.\n" +
            "But Question 7 tries to subtract a string that cannot be converted to a number from 3, and cannot;\n" +
            "the result is not a number, which is the special number NaN.");
var Nan = [];
console.log("9a. NaN is a " + typeof NaN + " and its value is " + NaN + ".");
console.log("9b. 'NaN' is a " + typeof 'NaN' + " and its value is " + 'NaN' + ".");
console.log("9c. Nan is a " + typeof Nan + " and its value is " + Nan + ".");
console.log("NaN is a special numeric literal which displays as NaN.\n"+
            "'NaN' is a string; strings always display as themselves.\n"+
            "Nan is a variable holding an empty array, so there is no value to display; arrays are actually specialized objects.");
console.log("10. The type of Nan is " + typeof Nan + ".");
Nan[0] = 123;
console.log("11. Assigning any number, such as 123, to Nan[0], its type becomes " + typeof Nan[0] + ".");
console.log("12. The value of 1.23E2 is " + 1.23E2 + " and its type is " + typeof 1.23E2 + ".");
console.log("Before Question 13, The type of Nan[3] is " + typeof Nan[3] + ", and Nan.length is " + Nan.length + ".");
Nan[3] = function() {};
console.log("13. The type of Nan[3] is " + typeof Nan[3] + ", and Nan.length is " + Nan.length + ".");
console.log("14. The type of {} is " + typeof {} + ".");

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1. 3 is a number (value: 3).
2. xanadu is a string (value: 3).
3. xanadu is a string (value: 33).
4. xanadu is a number (value: 0).
5. Question 3 illustrates string concatenation, while Question 4 illustrates arithemetic subtraction. 
JavaScript converts numbers to strings where possible, but if necessary, it will convert strings to numbers.
6. The value of xanadu is 3 and its type is number.
7. The value of xanadu is NaN and its type is number.
8. Question 6 subtracts the numeric value of xanadu (0) from 3 and produces the numeric result, 3.
But Question 7 tries to subtract a string that cannot be converted to a number from 3, and cannot;
the result is not a number, which is the special number NaN.
9a. NaN is a number and its value is NaN.
9b. 'NaN' is a string and its value is NaN.
9c. Nan is a object and its value is .
NaN is a special numeric literal which displays as NaN.
'NaN' is a string; strings always display as themselves.
Nan is a variable holding an empty array, so there is no value to display; arrays are actually specialized objects.
10. The type of Nan is object.
11. Assigning any number, such as 123, to Nan[0], its type becomes number.
12. The value of 1.23E2 is 123 and its type is number.
Before Question 13, The type of Nan[3] is undefined, and Nan.length is 1.
13. The type of Nan[3] is function, and Nan.length is 4.
14. The type of {} is object.